A ratite is a flightless bird characterized by a flat sternum (breastbone) without a keel, which is typically found on birds that fly. This skeletal structure supports the powerful flight muscles, absent in ratites. Ratites include ostriches, emus, rheas, cassowaries, and kiwis. They are primarily terrestrial, possessing strong legs adapted for running. Their evolutionary history is marked by the fragmentation of Gondwana, the supercontinent, which led to the geographical distribution and diversification of various ratite species across different continents. The term 'ratite' is derived from the Latin word 'ratis,' meaning 'raft,' referring to the flat sternum.
Ratite meaning with examples
- The ostrich, a prime example of a ratite, is the largest living bird, renowned for its incredible running speed across the African savanna. Its powerful legs and two-toed feet are perfectly designed for navigating the terrain. Their long necks and excellent eyesight help them spot predators from afar. Their eggs are also the largest of any bird. Furthermore, their unique feathers lack the interlocking barbs that are found in flying birds.
- Emus, native to Australia, are another fascinating ratite. These birds possess a shaggy plumage, are excellent runners, and are known for their strong territorial behavior, especially during the breeding season. They play a vital role in seed dispersal within their ecosystems. Emus have a unique vocalization that is a deep drumming sound. The emu is known for its hardiness and adaptability to a variety of environments.
- The rhea, found in South America, is a smaller ratite, but still possesses many of the characteristic features of the group. They are known for their social behavior, often living in small flocks. Rheas are also known for their unusual diets. They can consume plants, insects, and even small animals. Similar to ostriches, rheas are swift runners, providing a means to escape predators.
- Cassowaries, native to the rainforests of New Guinea and Australia, are arguably the most dangerous ratites. Their powerful legs and sharp claws make them formidable. The casque on their heads may be used to break through dense foliage or to communicate. These are highly intelligent birds that can sometimes be found interacting with humans and playing in water sources. They also have brilliant plumage.
- Kiwis, small, nocturnal ratites from New Zealand, are an exception to the typical ratite body plan, having a rounded body. These birds possess unique adaptations, including nostrils located at the end of their long beaks, allowing them to forage for insects in the ground. They are also known for laying the largest egg in relation to their body size of any bird. Furthermore, they lack the wings of most birds. They are becoming increasingly endangered.
Ratite Synonyms
flat-breasted bird flightless birdRatite Antonyms
flying bird keeled birdRatite Crossword Answers
3 Letters
EMU
4 Letters
KIWI
10 Letters
RATITEBIRD
14 Letters
FLIGHTLESSBIRD