Multicast refers to the simultaneous transmission of data from a single source to a specific group of recipients, rather than all devices on a network (broadcast) or a single recipient (unicast). This targeted delivery optimizes network bandwidth usage by sending only one copy of the data, which is then efficiently replicated by the network infrastructure to reach the intended receivers. Multicast protocols, like IGMP and PIM, manage group memberships and routing for this type of communication, making it a crucial technology for real-time applications and large-scale content distribution.
Multicast meaning with examples
- A live streaming video service uses Multicast to broadcast a football game to thousands of subscribers simultaneously. Each subscriber joins the appropriate Multicast group for the game they want to watch. This avoids sending individual streams, saving bandwidth.
- Online gaming platforms employ Multicast for game data updates, like player positions and actions. The server sends a single update packet that is efficiently delivered to all players in a specific game session using their assigned Multicast group.
- Internet Protocol Television (IPTV) services rely heavily on Multicast to deliver multiple TV channels. The set-top box joins the Multicast group for the desired channel and receives the video stream.
- Financial trading platforms use Multicast to disseminate real-time market data to various trading systems. Only subscribed systems receive the data, improving the speed and efficiency of trading decisions and reducing overall network strain.
- Audio conferencing applications can utilize Multicast so that all participants can hear the conversation in near real-time. By joining the relevant Multicast group, all the participants are updated and have all the data needed.